Logistics Knowledge - Dragon Legend International Forwarding CO.,LTD

Freight Forwarding Process & Notes

1. Commission & Instruction

Customer entrusts freight forwarder for shipment, providing shipper, consignee, notify party, commodity description, weight, volume, packages, destination port, ETD and trade terms.

2. Booking & Allocation

Forwarder books space with carrier or airline, confirms vessel / flight schedule, freight rate and conditions, then feeds back information to customer.

3. Trucking / Cargo Receipt

Arrange truck pickup from factory or warehouse, or customer delivers goods to designated depot. Check quantity, packaging and marks.

4. Customs Declaration & Inspection

Forwarder prepares documents for customs filing, commodity inspection and insurance to meet import‑export regulatory requirements.

5. Bill Confirmation

After loading on vessel or aircraft, confirm bill of lading details, charges and issue original documents.

6. Payment & Settlement

Verify ocean / air freight, trucking fee, customs fee, document fee and handling charges, complete settlement under agreed terms.

7. After‑service Support

Including SI submission, document amendment, follow‑up, import clearance, delivery, exception handling and customer consultation.

1. Accurate Documentation

Shipper, consignee, cargo description, weight, volume and port information must be correct to avoid amendment, delay or extra cost.

2. Time Management

Plan shipment in advance. Submit documents before cut‑off time for customs, manifest and cargo receiving.

3. Rate Confirmation

Freight is affected by market, carriers, fuel price and space availability. Confirm rates before shipment.

4. Trade Terms

Clarify trade terms such as FOB, CIF, CFR, DDU, DDP, which define responsibility, cost and risk between buyer and seller.

5. Document Management

Keep B/L, invoice, packing list, contract and customs papers properly. Apply for amendment timely if information changes.

6. Exception Handling

In case of space shortage, delay, customs inspection, cargo damage or loss, forwarder shall notify client promptly and assist resolution.

7. Long‑term Cooperation

Reliable forwarder optimizes logistics solution, controls cost, improves efficiency and offers fast support for urgent shipments.

Incoterms & Common Logistics Abbreviations

Incoterms define obligations, costs and risks for buyers and sellers in international trade.

Term	Full Name	Brief Description
EXW	Ex Works	Delivery at factory; buyer takes full charge of transport and customs
FOB	Free On Board	Risk transfers to buyer after goods are loaded on board at port of shipment
CIF	Cost,Insurance and Freight	Cost plus insurance and freight to destination port
CFR	Cost and Freight	Cost plus freight, insurance not included
DDP	Delivered Duty Paid	Delivery with duty paid; seller bears all cost and risk to destination

FCL: Full Container Load
LCL: Less than Container Load
ETD: Estimated Time of Departure
ETA: Estimated Time of Arrival
B/L: Bill of Lading, document of title for cargo
SI: Shipping Instruction
CY‑CY: Container Yard to Container Yard, for FCL shipments
CFS‑CFS: Container Freight Station to CFS, for LCL shipments

Introduction of Main Container Types

Select proper container according to cargo weight and volume to save logistics cost.

Type	Reference Volume	Application
20GP	28‑31 CBM	Heavy cargo: hardware, stone, machinery with high payload requirement
40GP	55‑58 CBM	General cargo for medium‑volume shipments
40HQ	65‑68 CBM	Light bulky goods such as garments, home appliances
Special Container	OT / FR / RF	Oversized equipment, refrigerated & temperature‑controlled goods

FCL: Full container for one shipper, lower risk of cargo damage
LCL: Consolidated cargo for small‑volume shipments from multiple clients

Export Customs Documents & Common Issues

Export customs clearance is mandatory for outbound goods. Consistency among documents is critical for smooth clearance.

Basic required documents: commercial invoice, packing list, sales contract, customs power of attorney. Fumigation certificate is required for wooden packaging; special permit for regulated commodities.

Product name, packages, gross weight and volume must be identical across all documents to avoid customs rejection or inspection.
Inspection includes machine scan and physical examination. Cooperate with forwarder to provide supplementary materials when inspection occurs.
Cut‑off time: cargo must arrive terminal and complete customs release before cut‑off, otherwise cargo cannot be loaded.
B/L options: Original B/L, Telex Release, Sea Waybill; different release modes lead to different procedures for cargo pick‑up.
Fumigation is mandatory for wooden packages for many countries; missing certificate will cause detention at destination port.

General export workflow: Order placement → Booking → Trucking / Delivery to warehouse → Customs Declaration → Shipment → Issue Bill of Lading → Destination customs clearance & cargo pickup.